Lady Elliot Island (LEI), on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (GBR), was mined for guano between 1863-1898, stripping the island of all vegetation and surface material. The subsequent introduction of goats and pest species from lighthouse keepers kept the Island devoid of native vegetation. By 2018, only 8% was natural vegetation with weeds dominating the landscape. Despite this, LEI and its surrounding waters have outstanding natural values, are a sanctuary for over 1,200 species of marine life, and has the second highest diversity of seabirds of any island on the GBR.
In 2018, the Reef Islands Initiative private-public partnership began funding Lady Elliot Island Eco Resort to accelerate the existing small-scale revegetation program and implement the 10-year Ecosystem Resilience Plan - with a focus on the removal of weeds and planting native species across four vegetation communities to create habitat for nesting seabirds and turtles.
To date, over 50% (15 ha) of the Island’s natural areas have been restored with over 10,000 native species planted. The program has established an on-island nursery, propagating 31 native species, and a successful volunteer program. Innovative, economical techniques have been developed for native establishment and weed removal which is predominantly chemical free.